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The Effects of Oral Fructanase Administration on Gastrointestinal Symptoms After Inulin Challenge in Healthy Adults
The carbohydrate inulin (from chicory root) is a healthy prebiotic ingredient found in dietary supplements and fortified foods (Nagy et al). Inulin is representative of a broader class of typically health-associated, yet fermentable carbohydrates called fructans that occur naturally in many vegetables, fruits, and wheat. Fructans, or long chains of fructose units, are resistant to human digestive enzyme hydrolysis and transit intact to the small intestine and colon where they undergo rapid fermentation by intestinal microbes. This microbial metabolism of fructans produces gas and other fermentation byproducts that can lead to excess gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms like abdominal...
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The Egg Up Trial - Testing a New Treatment Pathway for Infants with Newly Diagnosed Egg Allergy
The goal of this study is to test the safety and feasibility of a change in management approach for infants with newly diagnosed egg allergy. Infants with newly diagnosed egg allergy will have egg introduced via a gradual and graded home based approach known as an "egg ladder" supervised by a dietitian. The main questions this study aims to answer are how safe and feasible are home-based dietitian-led "egg ladders" as a treatment pathway to achieve tolerance of egg for newly diagnosed infants with egg allergy.
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The PEBBLES Study - Testing a Strategy for Preventing Eczema and Food Allergy in High Risk Infants
This is a phase III, single blind (outcome assessor is blinded), randomised controlled multicentre trial of the effect of EpiCeram emollient for improving and maintaining skin barrier function and reducing incidence of eczema and food allergy in high risk infants. A total of 760 participants with a first degree family history of allergic disease (asthma, eczema, allergic rhinitis or food allergy) will be recruited (380 each group) from maternity wards of three hospitals.
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The Role of Filaggrin Mutations and Sensitization Pathways in Allergic Rhinitis and Peanut Allergy
Caucasian male and female participants age 18 years of age and older will be enrolled in this study if they have known birch or peanut allergies or known to be non-atopic. Participants will undergo skin testing to confirm their allergies if not completed in the last 12 months. Medications and medical history will be captured with a focus on atopic disorders. Participants will undergo birch and peanut patch testing to assess penetration and if potential correlation exists with filaggrin genotyping and phenotyping. Blood samples will be drawn from participants and DNA isolated for genotyping of null mutations in filaggrin.
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The Role of Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Microbiomes on Infantile Colic and Atopic Dermatitis in Term Infants
Background: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and microbiota are both key factors for infants to shape the gut flora and develop the immune system. Breastfed infant is beneficial to prevent the occurrence of infantile colic (IC) and atopic dermatitis (AD), which may through shaping a healthy microbiota. However, the gut microbiota biomarkers representing IC and AD have not yet been discovered. In addition, the effectiveness of supplement of HMO in infant formula reduce the incidence of IC and AD in infants is still debate.
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The TreEat Study- Can Early Introduction of Tree Nuts Prevent Tree Nut Allergy in Infants with Peanut Allergy
Early and regular ingestion of the common allergens, peanut and egg has been shown to be an effective allergy prevention strategy. It is not clear whether this is also true of tree nut allergy. Current practice in many Australian allergy clinics for children with peanut allergy (high risk of tree nut allergy), is to advise families to introduce each individual tree nut into their child's diet via a cautious home introduction protocol without prior allergy testing (screening). The safety and effectiveness of an early and regular ingestion strategy for the prevention of tree nut allergy has not been formally evaluated and it is known that around a third of children with peanut...
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Ultra-processed Food Consumption, Gut Microbiota, and Glucose Homeostasis
Advancing age is associated with gut dysbiosis, low-grade chronic inflammation, progressive insulin resistance, and increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Prediabetes is present in 45-50% of middle-aged/older adults, and declines in glucose tolerance are evident in the third or fourth decade of life. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify new approaches for the prevention of type 2 diabetes among middle-aged adults. Observational research has linked intake of ultra-processed foods (UPF), which comprise ~60% of total energy intake in US adults, with increased risk of T2D. Ex vivo and animal research suggests that components of UPF alter gut microbiota composition and initiate...
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Using Spectrally Encoded Confocal Microscopy (SECM) to Image the Esophagus
The goal of this study is to test the feasibility and the tolerability of a tethered spectrally encoded confocal microscopy (SECM) capsule and to use it to image the esophagus.
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Clinical Trial on the Effect of Autologous Oral Mucosal Epithelial Sheet Transplantation
To investigate the effect of ocular surface reconstruction and assess the safety in cultivated oral mucosal epithelial cell sheet transplantation (COMET) regarding patients with cicatricial change of ocular surface.
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Expanded Access Protocol for Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis
This expanded access program is an open-label, single-arm design where consenting patients may participate up until APT-1011 is commercially available in the relevant regions or the protocol is terminated by the Sponsor.
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